Contact Zones Essay - 1325 Words

The reader is introduced to a term coined and repeated by Pratt throughout the piece, contact zones. She uses this term to refer to social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power, such as colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world today (Pratt 584). Contact zones were not necessarily a positive interaction because these social interactions usually came out of ignorance resulting into an obdurate conflict. Dubois The Negro in the United States and Griffith’s The Birth of the Nation, and Pratt’s very own Arts of the Contact Zone correlate through Pratt’s terminology of contact zone, autoethnographic texts,†¦show more content†¦In this movie the African Americans were treated nicely but in reality they did not feel this way. The masters mistreated their slaves but in the movie they were actually having conversations. There is a scene in the movie where a group of African Americans were shaking hands with the white Americans. The producer of the movie wanted to inform others that the â€Å"birth† of America was founded on the basis of equality rather than discrimination. If the producer of the movie did not show how the slaves were mistreated, the people will just see the world in only that point of view; the slaves’ point of view does not exist. Ruling countries oppressed both the undeveloped, barren places and the African Americans. The Birth of the Nation is a perfect example of a form of travel writing; the Americans wanted to inform others about America but this movie was only produced in their perspective. Rather than recording the reality, the produces or writers record history with the input of their own influences. Slavery is a contradictory subject in American history because â€Å"one hears†¦of the staid and gentle patriarchy, the wide and sleepy plantations with lord and retainers, ease and happiness; [while] on the other hand on hears of barbarous cruelty and unbridles power and wide oppression of men† (Dubois 2). Dubois’s The Negro in the United States is an autoethnographic text which is a representation â€Å"that the so-defined othersShow MoreRelatedContact Zone588 Words   |  3 PagesMary Louise Pratt defined contact zones as â€Å"social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power, such as colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world today.† A contact zone is a place where two cultures can mesh together. People from different cultures are able to interact with each other through these contact zones. A contact zone allows people to l ook into cultures otherRead MoreCultural Contact Zone1027 Words   |  4 PagesThe world is like one ‘small village’ during the twenty first century. As such, there is a lot of contact among different people, from different corners of the world. Essentially, this means that several cultures come into contact with each other more frequently, and over short durations of time than it was possible during the previous decades. Consequently, not only are the differences in these cultures magnified in the course of their interaction, but there is also a tendency by these culturesRead MoreContact Zone Essay1766 Words   |  8 PagesCaroline Kelly Professor Ober First Year Writing 29 September 2014 The Contact Zone The Holocaust happened because two groups of people were grappling with each and one was stronger than the other. Wars typically occur because two cultures disagree and choose to settle it, and the strong culture prevails. African American and Caucasian people used to be exiled for getting married, because they were different. There are millions of different cultures in the world today and everyRead MoreArts of the Contact Zone Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesMary Louise Pratt wrote the essay â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone† with the purpose of explaining that society would benefit if people were exposed to and understood the concept of â€Å"contact zones†. She refers to contact zones as social spaces where cultures meet and clash with each other, usually with one culture being dominant over the other. A person living in a contact zone is exposed to two different cultures, two different languages, and as a result is presented with a struggle in each culture toRead More Pratt, Arts of the Contact Zone1353 Words   |  6 Pagesordinary thing. Therefore, writing a response to Pratt’s essay in a language that is comprehendible by regular people can be very helpful to those struggling students. In Arts of the Contact Zone Pratt discusses the mix of two different cultures in one area. Where one person is born and lives in a contact zone he/she is surrounded by two different conflicting cultures, and there are two different languages. She also introduces us with a new word autoethnography, which means the way in whichRead MoreTaming Anzalduas Contact Zone Analysis984 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Contact Zone†, is defined by Mary Louis Pratt as â€Å"the space in which transculturation takes place – where two different cultures meet and inform each other, often in highly asymmetrical ways.† Pratt describes what she calls ‘contact zones’ and elaborates on the pros and cons of these cultural interactions. She sees the contact zone as a place that allows people to exchange cultural ideas and break down the dividing cultural borders. When a contact zone is started, people are able to interactRead MoreComparing Arts of the Contact Zone and Animism and the Alphabet882 Words   |  4 Pagesyou. In â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone†, Mary Louise Pratt defines contact zones as â€Å"the space in which transculturation takes place – where two different cultures meet and inform each other, often in highly asymmetrical ways.† Both â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone† and David Abram’s â€Å"Animism and the Alphabet† attempt to form an interpretation between the relationship of our natural environment and our everyday lives. According to both the author’s writing, Pratt’s concept of contact zone is useful in helpingRead MoreArts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt999 Words   |  4 PagesThe â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone†, an article w ritten by Stanford professor Mary Louise Pratt, discusses many different ideas about culture and communication by utilizing what she calls the literate arts. Pratt explains many terms that she believes are beneficial in gaining a further understanding of a literary piece. Key terms such as, contact zone, autoethnography and transculturation are introduced in her essay. She describes contact zones as â€Å"social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grappleRead More Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt Essay575 Words   |  3 PagesArts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Arts of the Contact Zone by Mary Louise Pratt opened up a whole new concept for our class. The new term â€Å"contact zone† appeared and Pratt defined it as social spaces where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power, such as colonialism, slavery, or their aftermaths as they are lived out in many parts of the world today. The idea of the contact zone is intended in part toRead MoreEssay on Arts of the Contact Zone, Mary Louise Pratt1245 Words   |  5 Pagesdelivered a keynote/lecture that revolutionized how people think about their social spaces. She introduced a revolutionary way to think about these social spaces, instead of calling them communities she started calling it the â€Å"contact zone†. According to Pratt a â€Å"contact zone is a place where cultures meet, clash, and grapple† (Pratt 487). While lecturing her fellow colleagues Pratt argues that our idea of community is strongly utopian. She continues to plead her case by saying that societies often

Rhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Kings Letter From Birmingham...

In paragraphs 12-14 of â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†, Dr. King begins addressing the clergymen’s belief that the peaceful demonstrations conducted by him and his associates were untimely. King starts answering questions frequently heard by opposing or moderate forces, as well as essentially denouncing the resistance to desegregation. King then introduced the relationship between the oppressor and the oppressed; concluding that the oppressor is not inclined to act on things that do not directly affect them. Therefore, providing a platform of his argument as to why blacks could no longer wait to be given their basic human rights. Action needed to take place because fair treatment was no longer a hope to be given, it had to be taken. Like†¦show more content†¦I interpreted it as King trying to get the clergymen to acknowledge these issues by viewing it from the blacks perspective. When a person is told to look at a situation from a point of view that differs from their own, it opens doors to new perspective and understanding. Also, most people tend to lead by emotion, possibly providing King’s desired outcome of understanding and action. Lastly, King appeals to character as well as establishing his creditability. For starters, the the vocabulary King chose to use shows that he is educated and possesses the knowledge to respond to the clergymen. King also informed the clergymen that he had previous experience in conducting and participating in non-violent campaigns. This provides credibility because it showed that he had prior knowledge of the behavior and purpose of those participating, while also addressing that past campaigns have always been â€Å"untimely†, but with desired outcome. The last and most obvious proof of credibility, is that King was a black man that faced the same adversities that he referred to in the last paragraph of this section. The example being of having to personally tell his daughter why she cou ld not be allowed to go to a public amusement park because she was black and looked at as less than. Throughout section three, one can frequently see King’s use of figurative language to reiterate his points. Metaphors moreShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Kings Letter From Birmingham Jail731 Words   |  3 PagesWhile in jail, Dr. King experienced many difficulties and hardships but rather than whining about his struggles he decided to write a letter to his followers outside of the jail. He speaks on the injustice, lack of freedom, and abuse his people are enduring which he does not agree with or will not stand by and let it happen. His outspokenness and his drive for equability is how he (wrongfully) ended up in the Birmingham city jail in the first place. The idea and vison of the letter was great andRead More Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter From a Birmingham Jail Essays1088 Words   |  5 PagesDr. Martin Luther King Jr.s â€Å"Letter From a Birmingham Jail † In King’s essay, â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†, King brilliantly employs the use of several rhetorical strategies that are pivotal in successfully influencing critics of his philosophical views on civil disobedience. King’s eloquent appeal to the logical, emotional, and most notably, moral and spiritual side of his audience, serves to make â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† one of the most moving and persuasive literary pieces of the 20thRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Letter from Birmingham Jail1517 Words   |  7 PagesDevin Ponder Eng291-001 13 September 2013 Rhetorical Analysis Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† by Martin Luther King, Jr., is a letter in which King is writing to his â€Å"fellow clergymen† in a response to their recent criticism of the actions he was leading in Birmingham at the time. The letter was written in April of 1963, a time when segregation was essentially at a peak in the south. Birmingham, in particular, is described by King as â€Å"probablyRead MoreAn Analysis of Martin Luther King Jrs Letter from Birmingham Jail776 Words   |  3 PagesEssay analysis Letter from Birmingham Jail by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr (African Studies Center, 2013). :Letter from Birmingham Jail is a powerful piece of writing that graces the writings by Martin Luther. Part of the power lies in the use of rhetorical devices such as ethos, logos, and pathos in the letter. Luther used these stylistic devices and literary approaches to express his message, intention and express the mood of the letter making a masterpiece like no other letters before. Read MoreRhetorical Devices In Letter From Birmingham Jail1323 Words   |  6 PagesLetter from Birmingham Jail Dr. King was arrested in 1963 in the struggle for civil rights for African-Americans. â€Å"The Letter from Birmingham Jail†, written a few days after King’s arrest, defended Dr. King’s argument about the civil rights movement. He uses the pathos, ethos, and logos modes of persuasion and uses several rhetorical strategies such as metaphors, citing authority, parallelism, Rogerian strategy, and anaphora to defend his argument against racism and segregation. Dr. King uses theRead MoreCritical Analysis: Letter from Birmingham Jail1191 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis Essay â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† In arguing, writers use different techniques to effectively convey their message to their intended audience. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen in which King’s presence in Birmingham and his methods of public demonstration were questioned. King’s letter was not only a response to his presence in Birmingham, but he also used the opportunity to address theRead MoreA Rhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Martin Luther King On The Church1256 Words   |  6 PagesA Rhetorical Analysis: Dr. King on the Church Missionary and Professor Charles Porter vocalizes a profound point during a lecture, â€Å"The only person who justifies us is Jesus.† This speaks measures regarding the Church and their responsibility to uphold justice. As people who claim to follow Jesus, the Church should be leading the charge against injustice. However, in the past century it failed to act upon the injustice of segregation. Analyzing Letter from Birmingham Jail, it becomes clear thatRead MoreLetter from Birmingham Jail1872 Words   |  8 Pages2015 Letter from Birmingham Jail-Rhetorical Analysis Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† in order to address the biggest issue in Birmingham and the United States at the time (racism) and to also address the critics he received from the clergymen. The letter discusses the great injustices happening toward the Black community in Birmingham and although it is primarily aimed at the clergymen King writes the letter for all to read. In his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham JailRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreaus Letter From A Birmingham Jail1605 Words   |  7 PagesThoreau and The Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and taking a closer look at their rhetorical devices and strategy’s. In Civil disobedience by Henry David Thoreau shows us the need to prioritize some one’s wellbeing over what the law says. American laws are criticized mostly over slavery and the Mexican-American war. In Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmi ngham Jail† was written in response to a letter written by clergymen criticizing the actions of Dr. King and theRead More Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail In his essay Letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. disproves the assumptions of people that believe racism is acceptable when he compares the maltreatment of blacks to the inhumane treatment of the Jews by Hitler. King establishes a relationship with his audience by connecting on a level that is larger than the exploitation of African Americans rights. He forces his readers to think about

Andy Warhol Campbell Soup Cans Overview and Analysis Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol: Campbell Soup Cans Overview and Analysis Essay It was his first one-person exhibition organized by Irving Blue, the legendary and visionary erector of the Freer Gallery. The exhibition featured thirty-two portraits of soup cans, each identical except for the flavor inscribed on their labels. These revolutionary paintings were displayed on a small narrow shelf that ran along the wall of the gallery in a way that suggested not only a gallery rail but also the long shelves in a grocery store. With these works, Warhol took on the tradition of still life painting, declaring a familiar household brand of packaged food a legitimate subject in the age of Post-War economic recovery. The 32 Campbell Soup Cans are now in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. At the same time he produced this series, he also produced less than a dozen of what Irving Blue called early versions, single canvases that are virtually identical to the ones included in the exhibition except for the absence of metallic paint, The present work is one of these early versions. Warhol had just started using silkscreen that year, which makes Campbell Soup Can (Tomato) among the earliest examples of the medium through which he would forever transform the landscape of late 20th Century art. Furthermore, in using the commercial process of silkscreen to render this seemingly banal subject, and editing it through a factory-based production system, Warhol questioned the sacrosanct notion Of artistic subjectivity as well. The peruse exhibition sparked heated criticism and even outrage from numerous critics and visitors, and catapulted Warhol and the challenge Of Pop art into the public consciousness. Of all the varieties of soup that Warhol produced, Tomato was his most valued. Not only did it have a strong resonance for the artist, it was also the very first variety with which he began working, enhancing and augmenting it with his own unique style. The initial idea for the soup can series has been credited o the interior designer, and later galleries, Muriel Lotto who told Warhol he should paint money, or something people see every day, like a Campbell Soup can (quoted in G. Indiana, Andy Warhol and the can that sold the world, New York, 2010, p. 82). Warhol was 50 taken by the idea that next day he dispatched an assistant to a local store to buy a can to each to the varieties so he could start making a series of preparatory drawings. Excited by the range of visual possibilities this new form gave him Warhol began searching for an appropriate image from which to make the screen. He found what he was looking for in a drawing of a can of Tomato soup which he discovered on an envelope from the Campbell range of stationary. The can of Campbell Tomato soup can was the ideal subject for Whorls pioneering kind of appropriation. This particular flavor perfectly suited Whorls purpose as it one Of the original varieties and was still the companys best selling product. Since the first Campbell soup cans appeared on the shelves 1897 this particular variety hold sold hundreds Of millions Of units and was instantly recognizable to the population at large. In addition to its omnipresent nature n the supermarkets and grocery stores of America, Campbell soup cans also appealed to Warhol interest in nature of graphic representation. The basic design of the label had become classic and had become a superb example of conveying information through the minimum of visual means. It was so successful that it had remained unchanged for decades. This fact was not lost on Warhol who, with has training as a graphic artist, appreciated the ability to convey a message with the minimum of visual means. .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .postImageUrl , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:hover , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:visited , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:active { border:0!important; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:active , .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0 .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf8a5986ea2ff0b84896a9ca2a9c25cd0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Babi Yar - Analysis of the Poem EssayAs Kirk Fernando, the legendary curator at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, points out, In 1912, printers Ink cited he Campbell label as an exemplary example of effective packaging good for display purposes, and another article in 1915 on Designing the label with the Sales Punch' included the Campbell can as an item with sales force and excellent example of coordination between advertising and packaging (K. Fernando, High Low: Modern Art and Popular Culture, New York, 1993, p. 345). Although the cans of Campbell soup appealed to Whorls deep design sensibility as Well as being attracted to their infinite reproducibility and ubiquitous nature, they also had a deeply personal association for the artist. Famously, when Warhol was asked about Why he chose to paint Campbell soup cans, he explained that it had personal significance to him as a consumer, Because I used to drink IL I used to have the same lunch every day, for twenty years, guess. The same thing over and over again. Someone said my life has dominated me; I liked that idea (A. Warhol, quoted in Ill Be Your Mirror: The Selected Andy Warhol Interviews, p. B). The critical reaction to the debut of Whorls Campbell Soup Cans was varied; some in the art establishment praised their freshness and modernity while there were less vociferous in their praise, In a letter to Warhol that Irving Blue wrote after the Freer show, he enthralled Warhol with the impact the images were still having on him, It would be rather beside the point to attempt to tell you how intensely your series to paintings continues to engage me. They are installed in my apartment and are a constant source of stimulation and pure pleasure. Thank you. (as quoted in G. Free and N. Prints, des. , The Andy Warhol Catalogue Raisins © of paintings and Sculptures 1961-1963, Volvo. L, New York, 2001, p. 74. ). Campbell Soup Can (Tomato) is one of the most iconic pieces in the private election of Robert Shaping, the legendary scholar, curator, collector and galleries. He began to develop his discerning connoisseurs eye when he was 13, importing antique objects from Thailand, selling some of them to museums and keeping some for himself. This collection grew over the years to span Asian art, French 18th century furniture and even Russian avian-garden books. In addition he built up an extraordinary collection of works by Andy Warhol. When he donated one Of these canvases, an early hand-painted soup can, to the Los Angles County Museum of Art, the curator, Stephanie Barron, remembered him s intensely serious and dedicated collector, I was struck then and through all my time of knowing him with his tremendous seriousness and wide knowledge and great appetite for all kinds of art.

The Catcher In The Rye Symbolism Essay Example For Students

The Catcher In The Rye Symbolism Essay foreshadowing The use of forshadowing in a novel can help its reader get a sense of whatis to come in the story without giving away the events themselves. It is apowerful tool which prevents events from being left unexplained, leaving thereader question the effectivness of an outcome. The eventual breakdown of thecharacter Holden Caufield in J.D. Salingers controversial 1945 novel TheCatcher in the Rye was foreshadowed in the early chapters of the book. The first clue is his negative approach to life. He begins by talking abouthis lousy childhood (p.1) and the first traces of profanity can be seen scatteredabout the page in the form of crap, hell and goddam. Holdens first sign ofdistrust comes when he speaks to Ward Stradlater about his date with JaneGallagher: Listen. Give my regards, willya? Okay, Stradlater said, but I knew he probably wouldnt Ask her if she still keeps all her kings in the back row. Okay, Stradlater said, but I knew he wouldnt. (p.33-34)This is seen again when he doesnt trust Stradlater to stop his advances of Jane inthe case that she says no. Holden gives up his faith in people to trust him whenhe boards a bus holding a snowball. The driver refuses to believe that Holdenwont throw the snowball so he draws the conclusion that People never believeyou. (p.37). He is also always placing labels upon people as being phonieswhich gives the reader the idea that Holden thinks that others are materialistic. We will write a custom essay on The Catcher In The Rye Symbolism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Holdens attempts to protect the innocence in the world is another earlysign of his deteriorating state. When Holden goes to Pheobes school to deliverhis note he sees some swearing of the wall which he says drove me damn nearcrazy (p.201). He wipes the words from the wall in an attempt to prevent theinevitable from occuring, leading the reader to believe that he may experiencesome mental unstability in the future. Eventually he comes to the realization thathe cant rub all the profanity away himself. Another example of Holdens attemptto shelter innocence is the fact that he never does call Jane, possibly for fear thatshe will scar his memories of her as an innocent child. The title of this novelpresents this theme to the reader in that Holden wants to be the catcher in therye (p. ) so he can catch all of the children that sway to close to the edge of acliff in thier play. Perhaps the most obvious example of foreshadowing in the novel occurswhen his parents come close to having him phsycoanalyzed and all (p.39) whenhe breaks all the windows in the garage. Throughout the novel he refers tohimself as a madman (p.79) which gives the reader the idea that he sees himselfas having a sort of mental problem. These two peices of evidence alone presenta fairly firm idea of what will happen to Holden towards the end of the story. The use of foreshadowing is evident in the novel The Catcher in the Rye. It does its job well in that it foretells the outcome of Holdens many problems andgives reason for it. The eventual breakdown of Holden is not startling to thereader because of the authors use of foreshadowing and therefore it is effective.

New Meaning for Ingest

New Meaning for Ingest New Meaning for Ingest New Meaning for Ingest By Maeve Maddox A reader has alerted me to a new use of the verb ingest: Feed is a suite of tools to assist in preparing content for ingest into HathiTrust. I found additional examples of this incomprehensible use of ingest in what are clearly technical contexts: High Speed Smart Data Ingest into Hadoop Fedora digital objects can be encoded in several XML formats for ingest and export. I was ingesting with the cli interface by creating a file that is cli commands Since the 17th century, ingest has been used in English with the meaning â€Å"to take in food.† Substances other than food are also said to be ingested. In reference to human beings, ingest is a clinical term for â€Å"to eat† or â€Å"to swallow.† In figurative usage, it can be simply to â€Å"to take in† or â€Å"to absorb.† For example, birds are said to be â€Å"ingested† by jet engines. A student â€Å"ingests† information.† Here are some examples that illustrate the usual meaning of the verb and its different forms: Children ingest considerable amounts of soil Foreign body ingestion is not uncommon in clinical practice, and it may occasionally lead to penetration injuries. The Nature of the Ingested Protein Has No Effect on Lean Body Mass During Energy Restriction in Overweight Rats American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) gives important instructions about what to do if a child has ingested poison. ‘Miami Zombie’ Didn’t Ingest Bath Salts Confirms Autopsy In the context of computer science, ingest seems to have acquired a meaning similar to input. I found this definition of the term â€Å"data ingestion† at TechTarget: Data ingestion is the process of obtaining, importing, and processing data for later use or storage in a database. This process often involves altering individual files by editing their content and/or formatting them to fit into a larger document. I often have the feeling that some of the changes in usage like this unfamiliar meaning for ingest are driven by non-native English speakers who translate words from their own languages into English words that don’t necessarily have the same meaning in English. For example, the German verb einnehmen can be translated as â€Å"to partake of a meal,† but it also means â€Å"to get, receive, collect,† meanings that certainly go along with the definition of â€Å"data ingestion.† Apart from computer jargon, ingest still means â€Å"to swallow, to consume, to take by mouth.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Useful Stock Phrases for Your Business EmailsThat vs. WhichMay Have vs. Might Have

The Nature and Mission of the Church in the Twenty

The Nature and Mission of the Church in the Twenty The progress of the human thought cannot be stopped, and it is associated with a lot of changes in the spheres of the people’s life which are traditionally discussed as invariable and their aspects as constant. This statement was considered as relevant for analysing the elements of religion and faith during a long period of time.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Nature and Mission of the Church in the Twenty-First Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the 20th century brought significant changes to all the spheres of the person’s everyday life, including the issue of spirituality and morality. From this point, the Catholic Doctrine was rethought according to the tendencies of the modern life in the middle part of the 20th century. The triggers of the process could be observed even earlier when the representatives of the intelligence had concentrated on the problem of understanding the rol e of the Church in the life of a Christian in the 19th century. The approaches to the question which were typical for the Middle Ages were inappropriate for the discussion of the issue in the new era. In spite of the fact the major norms and exegeses of the role of the Church for the Christians remained unchanged after the Second Vatican Council and its decision, the way of interpretation was altered significantly. Being a witness to Christ, the present-day Church has the sacramental nature, but its mission is to be intelligible for everyone as the part of the real world; to serve everyone and support people on their way to Christ and salvation. The nature and mission of the Church in the 21st century is associated with the long history of the Church’s development during the centuries, but today the role of the Church and its elements should be discussed with references to the modern reality. Moreover, it is possible to state that the role of the Church depends on changes in society. To discuss the problem, it is important to focus on such an aspect as the sacramental character and nature of the Church which does not change, but new interpretations are added to the understanding of the concept. The Second Vatican Council emphasised the Church and its character as sacramental. To understand the fact, it is necessary to refer to the notion of a sacrament.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, Gleeson states that the main elements of Christianity have the sacramental character because it is common to discuss Christ, the Church, or the Eucharist as sacraments along with the Seven Sacraments of the Catholic Church (Gleeson, 2004, p. 1). Sacraments can be analysed from many perspectives and acquire different meanings according to the deepness of the person’s understanding the concept. That is why, it is possible to explain a sacrament as a sign of God’s presence. The Church as a living witness to Christ is one of the main sacraments because it can be discussed as the place and notion in relation to which God’s presence is real. Stating that God is present in the Church, people state the sacramental nature of the Church. The sacramental nature of the Church is also based on the aspect that a concept of sacrament is closely connected with the concept of mystery in relation to the character of the Church (Noll, 2006, p. 39). The Church is the mystery as the reflection of God’s will in the world, and the Church is the main sacrament because the presence of God in the world is associated with the nature of the Church, basing on the notion of mystery. Focusing on the rethought mission of the Church as the necessity to be an instrument for the people’s salvation, to serve them according to the aspects of reality and to be intelligible, it is important to discuss this interpretation characteri stic for the 20th and 21st centuries with references to the earlier visions of the issue. The Church the norms and rules of which were presented with references to the Council of Trent could be characterised as the hierarchical institution based on dogmas and laws. The connection of the Church with reality also depended on the hierarchical approach. Being an institution, the Church concentrated on its role and position, but not on the real service for the public.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Nature and Mission of the Church in the Twenty-First Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From this point, the universal position was more important than the local connection between the Church and people from the definite territory (McBrien, 1994). The orientation to the public in relation to the locality as the aspect of the real world became possible during the 20th century. What is the most controversial interpret ation of the Church’s mission presented by the Second Vatican Council? In his work, Drumm concentrates on the problem of the people of God, and this issue is closely associated with the aspect of connecting the Church with the real life and with the idea of salvation. It was stated earlier that people look to Christ to find the salvation. Moreover, the Church is the community of the people called by God. From this perspective, it is important to belong to the Church to be saved because the Church has the special meaning for the salvation. Nevertheless, Drumm accentuates that according to the present-day interpretation of the Church’s role, Christianity can be discussed from the point of an individual and the fact of belonging to the Church is not significant because the Church serves for all the people in spite of their status of belonging to it (Drumm, 1998). Thus, this change in the interpretation can be discussed as the shift to focusing on the people’s spiri tuality and individuals’ salvation, but on the Church as the institution with its strict norms. The service for all the people is more important today because of the real practical character of the Church revealed with the help of this role. That is why, it is possible to speak about Christianity and, as a result, the Church as the product of marketing. McGrath claims that the American approach to the aspects of Christianity is associated with the marketing strategies the main objective of which is to gain the definite benefits (McGrath, 2002, p. 46). However, Phan connects the similar aspects with the problem of pluralism as it develops in the American society actively influencing all the spheres of the people’s life, including their visions of religion and spirituality (Phan, 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, discussing the new approaches to explaining the nature and mission of the Church presented according to the Second Vatican Council, it is possible to refer to the new interpretations as to new products which are necessary for the people in the 20th-21st centuries. The Church acquired more connections with reality not only when the texts of the Mass were translated but also when the presence of God in the Church and Christ in the world were emphasised, depending on the Church’s mission to serve for all the people in spite of their belonging to the Church. The mission of the Church in the society of the 21st century is a rather provocative question. Nevertheless, many researchers associate the Church as the influential instrument for affecting the people’s vision of morality which functions basing on a tradition. Birch and Rasmussen discuss the church as â€Å"a bearer of tradition† (Birch Rasmussen, 1989, p. 127). From this point, the Church is significant for leading the people on their moral paths where the Church provides them with the necessary knowledge of the moral norms and traditions and the understanding of the good and evil. According to Darragh, the role of the Church for the development of the people’s morality is based on the definite tradition. From this perspective, the Church gives the person such a possibility to grow morally because the Church is associated with such a kind of tradition in relation to the principles of the practical theology (Darragh, 2007). From the point of the Church’s impact on the public’s morality, the changes in discussing the Church as a sacrament brought the changes to the people’s understanding the norms of ethics. The world associated with the religion became Christ-centred, but not the Church-centred as it was earlier (Drumm, 1998). Moreover, the significance of following moral norms and rules is based in the modern world on the individual’s viewpoint o n the problem which is influenced by the theory about virtues, but it is not determined by strict laws proclaimed by the Church (Lovin, 2000). The Church of the New Testament was oriented toward being an institution, proclaiming hierarchy and universalism. The Church of the 20th-21st centuries is oriented toward faith and religion as the necessary aspects of the social culture and individual’s spirituality (Lennan, 1998). Today, self-expression in following the moral norms according to the Christian ethics is more significant for people than the usage of rules and laws which are not intelligible and unconnected with reality. Reforms in discussing the role of the Church were important for the people because the aspects of their religious life should also be correlated with the events in the real world. The changes in interpreting the mission and the role of the Church in comparison with the discussion based on the earlier explanation of the New Testament can be summarised with determining witness, worship, and service as the main aspects of the Church’s role (Noll, 2006, p. 37-38). The Second Vatican Council shifted the accents from understanding the Church as the hierarchical institution which was rather opposite to the real world to presenting the Church as the base for the people’s salvation and for the everyday life dependent on the ethical norms and rules. It is important to note that several centuries ago the meaning of the texts of the Mass was almost unavailable for the people because of the absence of translation. Moreover, the strict hierarchy of the Church’s authority and their power made people discuss the Church as a specific institution but not as the community of those people who are united to follow the Word of God. Thus, the reforms and differences in interpreting the basic principles associated with the role of the Church proposed by the Second Vatican Council were important for the Christians. The Word of God, the celebration of the Sacraments, the importance of service were determined along with the other significant points. Furthermore, the Church is a witness of Christ because Christ declared the Kingdom of God, and the Church was discussed as associated with the presence of God (Lennan, 1998). Joining the Church, people started their way to find the salvation. From this point, the mystery of the Church is discussed in the context of God’s will and the notion of sacrament. To conclude, the main changes in interpreting the nature and mission of the Church in the 21st century in comparison with the earlier variants of their explanation are based on the tendencies in interpreting the presence of God in the world and the issue of salvation. Today, each Christian is discussed as the person who can share the sacraments as the signs of God’s presence in the world. The fact of belonging to the Church is not as important as it was earlier with references to the person’s individ ual approach to his or her spirituality and following moral norms. Thus, the Church is a sacrament, and the sacramental nature is accentuated by the mission of the Church to serve for all the people in relation to their salvation. According to its role, the Church became the part of the real world which supports people during their way to Christ. The Church should be also discussed as the community in which all the people have the opportunity to reach the holiness as the part of salvation. References Birch, B. C., Rasmussen, L. L. (1989). Bible and ethics in the Christian life. USA: Augsburg. Darragh, N. (2007). The practice of practical theology: Key decisions and abiding hazards in doing practical theology. Retrieved from http://aejt.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/395736/AEJT_9.9_Darragh_Practice.pdf Drumm, M. (1998). Modern trends in sacramental theology. Retrieved from http://theology1.tripod.com/readings/Michael_Drum.pdf Gleeson, B. (2004). Symbols and sacraments: Their hu man foundations. Retrieved from http://aejt.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/395674/AEJT_2.10_Gleeson_Symbols_and_Sacraments.pdf Lennan, R. (1998). An introduction to Catholic theology. New York, NJ: Paulist Press. Lovin, R. W. (2000). Christian ethics: An essential guide. USA: Abingdon Press. McBrien, R. P. (1994). Catholicism: New study edition. USA: HarperCollins. McGrath, A. E. (2002). The future of Christianity. USA: Blackwell Publishing. Noll, R. R. (2006). Sacraments: A new understanding for a new generation. New London, CT: Twenty-Third Publications. Phan, P. (2007). Evangelization in a culture of pluralism: Challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from http://aejt.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/378591/AEJT_9.1_Phan_Evangelization.pdf

Source Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Source Evaluation - Essay Example Essentials of Strategic Management is a comprehensive summary of the book Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach written by the same authors. The book follows a structure that is also used in the larger version in order to assist learners in the identification and the emphasis of key concepts in more concise and updated ways. The presentation of text in this book is founded on real world practices as well as contemporary thinking and features an increased importance on the concept of business models as a manner of perceiving the issues of competitive advantage. The book also features progressive research, a newer strategic management theory as well as a hand-on approach that allows the reader to explore the main themes in management such as corporate performance, technology as well as business ethics among others. Additionally, it also it also includes a high quality case program that examines companies of different sizes domestically and globally so that readers may achieve an experience as they put chapter concepts into practical events in a number of occurrences. Charles Hill and Gareth Jones consider Wal-Mart’s business model as being based on purchasing goods from suppliers at the lowest rates possible and then reselling the same products to its customers at profitable prices that are as low as possible (120). The company has come up with strategies that have enabled it to position in a manner that keeps operating costs at the minimum in order to ensure that customers get the lowest prices on a daily basis with continuous price rollbacks. From inception, the company has been using strategies that increase its efficiency in various ways including ensuring low product differentiation as well as targeting mass markets. Wal-Mart’s business model that is based on discounts for its retail customers is founded on the idea that low costs will result in lower prices. After identify ways of